Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumonia at an educational hospital in shahrekord, Iran.Methods: This study was conducted at Shahrekord University of medical science. Totally, 150 isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria were selected from out-patient of Hajar and kashani university hospitals. Uropathogens were identified through culture, microscopy and biochemical tests. To detect possible ESBL production, combined double disc synergy test was performed by disc of ceftazidime (30 mg) alone and in the presence of clavulanate (30 mg/10 mg) at a distance of 25 mm, on a Mueller–Hinton agar plate. Detection of SHV gene was examined in ESBL positive strains by PCR.Results: Combined double disc synergy test was applied to detect ESBL in 75 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates that are resistant to ceftazidime using ceftazidime. Among the 48 ESBL-producing K. pneumonia strains, 18 (37.5%) were identified as SHV producing strains.Conclusion: The spread of ESBL-producing bacteria has been strikingly rapid worldwide, indicating that continuous monitoring systems and effective infection control measures are required. Therapeutic options for infections due to ESBL producers become increasingly limited. Molecular detection and identification of beta lactamases would be essential for a reliable epidemiological investigation of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, ESBL producing organisms should be identified quickly so that appropriate antibiotic usage and infection control measures can be implemented.